Drivers of Change, Trends and Disruptions

• Annunziata, M. and S. Biller, The Future of Work, GE Discussion Paper, General Electric, 2014.
• Bessen, J., “Toil and Technology: Innovative technology is displacing workers to new jobs rather than replacing them entirely”, IMF Finance and Development Magazine, March 2015.
• Boston Consulting Group, Man and Machine in Industry 4.0: How Will Technology Transform the Industrial Workforce Through 2025?, 2015.
• Brynjolfsson, E. and A. McAfee, The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies, 2014.
• Burrow, S., “How will climate change affect jobs?”, Forum Agenda Blog, December 2015.
• Cappelli, P. and J. Keller, “Classifying Work in the New Economy”, Academy of Management, vol. 38, no. 4, 2013, pp. 575–596.
• Catalyst, Buying Power: Global Women, 2015.
• Christensen, C., M. Raynor and R. McDonald, “What is Disruptive Innovation?”, Harvard Business Review, December 2015, pp. 44-53.
• Citi, “Technology at Work: The Future of Innovation and Employment”, Citi GPS: Global Perspectives & Solutions, February 2015.
• Frey, C. and M. Osborne, The Future of Employment: How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation? Oxford Martin School Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, September 2013.
• GE Reports and The Economist, “Infographic: No seriously, wearables will be a thing – How this fast-growing sector will change the way we work”, GE Look Ahead, 2014.
• IndustriALL Global Union, Industry 4.0 the industrial revolution happening now, 4 December 2015, www.industriall-union.org/industry-40-the-industrial-revolution-happening-now.
• Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln, “The Effects of Digitalization on Employment – First Impressions from the IW Human Resources Panel”, IW-Trends 3/2015 (in German).
• International Labour Organisation (ILO), World Economic and Social Outlook 2015, 2015.
• Karabarbounis, L. and B. Neiman, The Global Decline of the Labour Share, NBER Working Paper 19136, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013.
• Keynes, J.M. Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren, 1930.
• ManpowerGroup, Entering the Human Age, 2013.
• McKinsey Global Institute, Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy, 2013.
• McKinsey Quarterly, Manager and machine: The new leadership equation, 2014.
• Mishel, L, H. Shierholz and J. Schmitt, Don’t Blame the Robots: Assessing the Job Polarization Explanation of Growing Wage Inequality, Economic Policy Institute and Center for Economic Policy Research Working Paper, 2013.
• Mokyr, J, C. Vickers and N. Ziebarth, “The History of Technological Anxiety and the Future of Economic Growth: Is This Time Different?”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 29, no. 3, Summer 2015, pp. 31–50.
• O’Connor, S., “The human cloud: A new world of work”, Financial Times, 8 October 2015.
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Jobs Quality, Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs – Employment, Labour and Social Affairs Committee, 16-17 October 2014.
• Pew Research Centre, Key Insights: Expert Views on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and the Future of Jobs, 2014.
• PwC, The Future of Work: A Journey to 2022 & Global Megatrends, 2014, http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/megatrends/index.jhtml.
• Salazar-Xirinachs, J.M. Trends and disruptions and their implications for the Future of Jobs, Discussion Paper, 2014.
• Silverstein, M. and K. Sayre, “The Female Economy”, Harvard Business Review, September 2009.
• Stewart, I., D. De and A. Cole, Technology and people: The great job-creating machine: Deloitte Discussion Paper, December 2014.
• Talwar, R. and T. Hancock, The shape of jobs to come: Possible New Careers Emerging from Advances in Science and Technology (2010-2030), Fast Future Research, 2010.
• TATA Consultancy Services, Workplace of the Future: A View from European Youth, 2014.
• The Economist Intelligence Unit, Automated, creative & dispersed: The Future of Work in the 21st Century, 2015.
• The Economist, “Special Report: The Third Great Wave”, 2014.
• The Financial Times, “World will have 13 ‘super-aged’ nations by 2020”, 6 August 2014, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f356f8a0-1d8c-11e4-8f0c-00144feabdc0.html.
• World Economic Forum, The Human Capital Report 2015, 2015.
• World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council on the Future of Software and Society, Deep Shift: Technology Tipping Points and Societal Impact, World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council White Paper, 2015.

Industry and Regional Focus

• Annunziata, M. and R. Rostom, Mapping the Future of Work in MENAT, General Electric, 2014.
• Committee for Economic Development of Australia, Australia’s Future Workforce?, 2015.
• EY, Fuelling the next generation: A study of the UK upstream oil and gas workforce, 2014.
• European Commission, “EU employment in a global context: where will new jobs come from and what will they look like?”, Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2013, 2014, http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=738&langId=en&pubId=7684&visible=1.
• Freelancer’s Union and Upwork, Freelancing in America: A National Survey of the New Workforce, 2015.
• Government of Ireland, Expert Group on Future Skills Needs, Reports on Future Skills Requirements, various sectors, 2008-2013.
• Institute for the Future, The Future of California’s Workforce, 2012.
• Mandel, M. “Where are the Big Data Jobs?”, Progressive Policy Institute, 2014.
• ———, Where the Jobs Are: The App Economy, TechNet, 2012.
• McKinsey Global Institute, Help wanted: The Future of Work in Advanced Economies: Discussion Paper, 2012.
• ———, India’s technology opportunity: Transforming work, empowering people, 2014.
• National Skill Development Corporation of India, Human Resource and Skill Requirements for 2022 Sector Reports, various sectors, 2014, http://www.nsdcindia.org/nsdcreports.
• UK Commission for Employment and Skills, Careers of the Future, Evidence Report 89, 2014.
• ———, The Future of Work: Jobs and skills in 2030, Evidence Report 84, 2014. .
• US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2012-2022, 2013.
• World Economic Forum, Industry Transformation Briefings, various sectors [see Appendix B], 2014.

Skill Sets of the Future

• Anderson, C. and J. Gantz, Skills Requirements for Tomorrow’s Best Jobs: Helping Educators Provide Students with Skills and Tools They Need, IDC Opinion, October 2013.
• Autor, D., The “Task Approach” to Labor Markets: An Overview, IZA Discussion Paper No. 7178, 2013.
• ———, The Polarization of Job Opportunities in the U.S. Labor Market: Implications for Employment and Earnings, Center for American Progress and The Hamilton Project, 2010.
• Autor, D, F. Levy and R. Murnane, “The Skill Content of Recent Technological Change: An Empirical Exploration”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 118, no. 4, 2003, pp. 1,279-1,333.
• Burning Glass Technologies, Crunched by the Numbers: The Digital Skills Gap in the Workforce, 2015.
• Cappelli, P. Skill Gaps, Skill Shortages and Skill Mismatches: Evidence and Arguments for the US, NBER Working Paper 20382, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2014.
• Deming, D., The Growing Importance of Social Skills in the Labor Market, NBER Working Paper 21473, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015.
• European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP), Piloting a European Employer Survey on Skill Needs: Illustrative Findings, CEDEFOP Research Paper No. 36, 2013.
• ———, Quantifying Skills Needs in Europe – Occupational Skills Profiles: Methodology and Application, CEDEFOP Research Paper No. 30, 2013.
• ———, Skills supply and demand in Europe: Medium-term forecast up to 2020, 2010.
• Infosys, Amplifying human potential: Education and skills for the fourth industrial revolution, 2016.
• Institute for the Future and the University of Phoenix, Future Work Skills 2020, 2011.
• International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the European Union, Research Brief: Anticipating skills needs for the low carbon economy? Difficult, but not impossible, 2012.
• ILO and the CEDEFOP, Skills for Green Jobs: A Global View – Synthesis Report Based on 21 Country Studies, 2011.
• Katz, L. and R. Margo, Technical Change and the Relative Demand for Skilled Labour: The United States in Historical Perspective, NBER Working Paper 18752, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013.
• NESTA, Creativity vs Robots: The Creative Economy and the Future of Employment, 2015.
• ———, Skills of the Datavores: Talent and the Data Revolution, 2015.
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), “Skills and Jobs in the Internet Economy”, OECD Digital Economy Papers No. 242, 2014.
• ———, OECD Skills Outlook 2013: First Results from the Survey of Adult Skills, 2013.
• The Economist Intelligence Unit, Changing roles: How technology is transforming business functions, 2015.

Implications for Gender Parity

• Black, S. and A. Spitz-Oener, “Explaining Women’s Success: Technological Change and the Skill Content of Women’s Work”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 92, no. 1, 2010, pp. 187-194.
• Centre for Talent Innovation, Women Want Five Things, 2014.
• Deming, D., The Growing Importance of Social Skills in the Labor Market, NBER Working Paper 21473, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015.
• Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, Women on Boards, 2011.
• Ely, R., Ibarra, H. and D. Kolb, “Taking Gender Into Account: Theory and Design for Women’s Leadership Development Programs”, INSEAD Working Paper, 2011.
• Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln, “Fachkräfteengpässe in Unternehmen: Geschlechterunterschiede in Engpassberufen”, Studie 2/2015 (in German).
• International Labour Organization (ILO), “The Gender Divide in Skills Development: Progress, Challenges and Policy Options for Empowering Women”, Skills for Employment Policy Brief, 2014.
• Kaplan, J., “The Age of the Robot Worker Will Be Worse for Men: The jobs that are least vulnerable to automation tend to be held by women”, The Atlantic Magazine, 2015.
• Lewis, C., “Women and Jobs in the Robot Economy”, RobotEnomics Blog, 2014, http://robotenomics.com/2014/01/03/women-and-jobs-in-the-robot-economy.
• McKinsey & Company, Women in the Workplace, 2015.
• OECD, “Cooking and Caring, Building and Repairing: Unpaid Work around the World”, in Society at a Glance 2011: OECD Social Indicators, 2011.
• Voss, G., “The Second Shift in the Second Machine Age: Automation, Gender and the Future of Work” in Our Work Here is Done: Visions of a Robot Economy, NESTA, 2014.

Change Management and Future Workforce Planning

• Accenture, Burning Glass Technologies and Harvard Business School, Bridge the Gap: Re-Building America’s Middle Skills, 2015.
• Arias, O., “Are skills really a panacea for unemployment?”, Forum Agenda Blog, 2014.
• Boston Consulting Group and the International Confederation of Private Employment Services (CIETT), Adapting to Change: How private employment services facilitate adaptation to change, better labour markets and decent work, 2014.
• Cognizant, The Robot and I: How New Digital Technologies Are Making Smart People and Businesses Smarter by Automating Rote Work, Cognizant Center for the Future of Work, 2015.
• Deloitte, Global Human Capital Trends 2015: Leading in the new world of work, 2015.
• ———, Global Human Capital Trends 2014: Engaging the 21st Century Workforce, 2014.
• Department for Work and Pensions, “A New Vision for Older Workers: Retain, Retrain, Recruit”, report to Government by the Business Champion for Older Workers, United Kingdom, 2015.
• Everis, Preparing for the digitisation of the workforce, The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2015.
• Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the National Academy of Science and Engineering, Securing the future of German manufacturing industry: Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0, final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group, 2013.
• Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Arbeit Weiter Denken: Grünbuch Arbeiten 4.0, 2015 (in German).
• Freeman, R., “Who owns the robots rules the world: Workers can benefit from technology that substitutes robots or other machines for their work by owning part of the capital that replaces them”, IZA World of Labor, vol. 2014, no. 5, 2014.
• World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council on Ageing, How 21st-Century Longevity Can Create Markets and Drive Economic Growth, World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council White Paper, 2015.
• Graber, S., “It’s Not HR’s Job to Be Strategic”, HBR Blog Network, 2014.
• Gratton, L. Adapting to the Future of HR: 3 Trends to Watch, Hot Spots Movement, 2015.
• Gvaramadze, I., “Low-skilled workers and adult vocational skills‐upgrading strategies in Denmark and South Korea”, Journal of Vocational Education and Training, vol. 62, no. 1, 2010, pp. 51-61.
• ILO, A Skilled Workforce for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth: A G20 Training Strategy; PART I: Global drivers of change: opportunities and challenges for training and skills development, 2010.
• Janah, L., Labor looks different in the 21st century – so should job training”, Quartz, 2015, http://qz.com/496297/us-job-training-must-catch-up-to-the-work-the-labor-force-will-do.
• Jeon, S. “Enhancing Employment for Women, Youth and Older Workers: Why Skills Strategies Matter”, in, Global Talent Competitiveness Index 2014, edited by B. Lanvin and P. Evans, pp. 65–74, 2015.
• KPMG, Turn Silver Grey into Gold: Empowering Companies and Organisations to tackle the Ageing Workforce Challenge, 2011.
• Laurenceau, C. and C. Sloman, Being digital: Embrace the future of work and your people will embrace it with you, Accenture Strategy, 2015.
• Lindzon, J., “Welcome to the New Era of Human Resources – The Function of Human Resources Departments has Remained the Same for Over 100 Years. That’s all About to Change”, FastCompany Magazine, 2015.
• Lippman, L., Ryberg, R., Carney, R. and K. Moore, Workforce Connections: Key “Soft Skills” that foster Youth Workforce Success: Toward a Consensus Across Fields, June 2015.
• Littler Mendelson, “The Transformation of the Workplace Through Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Automation: Employment and Labour Law Issues, Solutions, and the Legislative and Regulatory Response”, The Littler Report, 2014.
• ManpowerGroup, Seven Steps to Conscious Inclusion: A Practical Guide to Accelerating More Women Into Leadership, 2015.
• ———, Teachable Fit: A New Approach to Easing the Talent Mismatch, 2010, http://www.manpowergroup.com/sustainability/teachable-fit-inside.html.
• McKinsey Global Institute, A Labor Market that Works: Connecting Talent with Opportunity in the Digital Age, 2015.
• ———, Building capabilities for performance, 2014.
• Mercer, When Women Thrive, Businesses Thrive, 2014.
• NESTA, Building the Digital Talent Pipeline: The Business Benefits and How to Get Involved,  2015.
• North, M. and H. Hershfield, “Four Ways to Adapt to an Aging Workforce”, Harvard Business Review, 2014.
• Oxford Economics, Global Talent 2021: How the new geography of talent will transform human resource strategies, 2012.
• Oxford Economics and SAP, Workforce 2020 – Research Report and Country Fact Sheets, 2014.
• Page, S., The Difference: How the Power of Diversity Creates Better Groups, Firms, Schools, and Societies, 2007.
• PwC, 17th Annual Global CEO Survey: The talent challenge, 2014.
• Ryder, G., “How can we create decent jobs in the digital age?”, Forum Agenda Blog, 2015.
• Shapiro, H., “Emerging Skills, Knowledge & Competencies for the HRST Workforce – Do Higher Education Systems Get It Right?”, contribution to the Innovation Union, DG Research, 2013.
• SHRM Foundation, “Engaging and Integrating a Global Workforce”, The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2015.
• Strack, R, J. Baier, and A. Fahlander, “Managing Demographic Risk”, Harvard Business Review, 2008.
• The B Team and Virgin Unite, New Ways of Working, 2015.
• The Economist, Over the horizon: Three issues that should preoccupy managers in the next 50 years, 6 September 2014.
• The Economist Intelligence Unit, Working in The Future, research report sponsored by Fujitsu, 2015.
• Tyson, L. and L. Mendonca, “Worker Protection in the Gig Economy”, Project Syndicate, November 2015.
• UNI Global Union, Including You In a New World of Work: Background Paper, 2014.
• Unum, The Future Workplace: Key trends that will affect employee wellbeing and how to prepare for them today, 2014.
• Voss, E., “Organising Transitions in Response to Restructuring: Study on instruments and schemes of job and professional transition and re-conversion at national, sectoral or regional level in the EU”, Final Report, European Commission, 2009.
• West, D., What happens if robots take the jobs? The impact of emerging technologies on employment and public policy, Brookings Center for Technology Innovation, 2015.
• World Economic Forum, Disrupting Unemployment: Business-led Solutions for Action, 2015.
• ———, Education and Skills 2.0: New Targets and Innovative Approaches, 2014.
• ———, Industrial Internet: Unleashing the Business and Socioeconomic Potential of Connected Products and Services, 2015.
• World Economic Forum and the Global Agenda Council on Employment, Matching Skills and Labour Market Needs: Building Social Partnerships for Better Skills and Better Jobs, 2014.