• Agenda
  • Initiatives
  • Reports
  • Events
  • About
    • Our Mission
    • Leadership and Governance
    • Our Members and Partners
    • Communities
    • History
    • Klaus Schwab
    • Media
    • Contact Us
    • Careers
    • World Economic Forum USA
    • Privacy and Terms of Use
  • EN ES FR 日本語 中文
  • Login to TopLink

We use cookies to improve your experience on our website. By using our website you consent to all cookies in accordance with our updated Cookie Notice.

I accept
    Hamburger
  • World Economic Forum Logo
  • Agenda
  • Initiatives
  • Reports
  • Events
  • About
  • TopLink
  • Search Cancel

Human Capital Report 2016

  • Human Capital Index 2016 Heatmap
  • Overall Rankings
  • Rankings by Age Group
    • Under 15 Years
    • 15-24 Years
    • 25-54 Years
    • 55-64 Years
    • 65 Years and Over
  • Rankings by Region
    • East Asia and the Pacific
    • Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    • Latin America and the Carribean
    • Middle East and North Africa
    • North America
    • South Asia
    • Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Western Europe
  • Rankings by Income Group
    • Low
    • Lower Middle
    • Upper Middle
    • High
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Infographics and Shareables
  • Press Release
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Preface
  • The Human Capital Report 2016
    • Results and Analysis
    • Results by Region and Income Group
    • Human Capital and Gross National Income
    • Global Human Capital Trends
    • Maximizing Learning and Employment in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
    • Learning through the Life-Course
    • Employment through the Life-Course
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Users Guide: How to Read the Country Profiles
  • Technical Notes
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Acknowledgements
  • System Initiative Stewards
  • System Initiative Partners
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Download Main Report as PDF
Human Capital Report 2016 Home
  • Report Home
  • Human Capital Index 2016 Heatmap
  • Overall Rankings
  • Rankings by Age Group
    • Under 15 Years
    • 15-24 Years
    • 25-54 Years
    • 55-64 Years
    • 65 Years and Over
  • Rankings by Region
    • East Asia and the Pacific
    • Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    • Latin America and the Carribean
    • Middle East and North Africa
    • North America
    • South Asia
    • Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Western Europe
  • Rankings by Income Group
    • Low
    • Lower Middle
    • Upper Middle
    • High
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Infographics and Shareables
  • Press Release
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Preface
  • The Human Capital Report 2016
    • Results and Analysis
    • Results by Region and Income Group
    • Human Capital and Gross National Income
    • Global Human Capital Trends
    • Maximizing Learning and Employment in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
    • Learning through the Life-Course
    • Employment through the Life-Course
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Users Guide: How to Read the Country Profiles
  • Technical Notes
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Acknowledgements
  • System Initiative Stewards
  • System Initiative Partners
  • [ — Divider — ]
  • Download Main Report as PDF

References

Share

Acemoglu, D. and D. Autor, “What Does Human Capital Do? A Review of Goldin and Katz’s The Race Between Education and Technology”, NBER Working Paper 17820, The National Bureau of Economic Research, 2012, http://www.nber.org/papers/w17820.

Angrist, N., Patrinos, H. and M. Schlotter, “An Expansion of a Global Data Set on Educational Quality: A Focus on Achievement in Developing Countries”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 6536, 2013.

Barro, R. and J.W. Lee, “A New Dataset of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950–2010”, NBER Working Paper 15902, The National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013, http://www.nber.org/papers/w15902.

Bean, C., Independent Review of UK Economic Statistics, March 2016.

Boarini, R., M. Mira d’Ercole and G. Liu, “Approaches to Measuring the Stock of Human Capital: A Review of Country Practices”, OECD Statistics Working Papers, 2012/04, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k8zlm5bc3ns-en.

Broadbent, S., “Collective Intelligence: Questioning Individualised Approaches to Skills Development”, in: IPPR and J.P. Morgan Chase New Skills at Work Initiative, Technology, Globalisation and the Future of Work in Europe: Essays on Employment in a Digitised Economy, March 2015.

Brynjolfsson, E. and A. McAfee, The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies, 2014, http://www.secondmachineage.com.

Burning Glass Technologies, Crunched by the Numbers: The Digital Skills Gap in the Workforce, 2015.

Cappelli, P. and J. Keller, “Classifying Work in the New Economy”, Academy of Management, vol. 38, no. 4, 2013, pp. 575–596.

Carnevale, A., Jayasundera, T. and D. Repnikov, “Understanding Online Job Ads Data: A Technical Report”, Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, April 2014.

CEDEFOP (European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training), Briefing Note: Preventing Skills Obsolescence, July 2012.

Citi GPS: Global Perspectives & Solutions, Technology at Work 2.0: The Future Is Not What It Used to Be, January 2016.

Coase, R., “The Nature of the Firm”, Economica, Volume 4, Number 16, November 1937.

Congressional Research Service, What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers?, 2016.

De Groen, W. and I. Maselli, “The Impact of the Collaborative Economy on the Labour Market”, CEPS Special Report No. 138, Centre for European Policy Studies, June 2016.

Dorn, D. and D. Autor, “This Job is Getting Old: Measuring Changes in Job Opportunities Using Occupational Age Structure”, NBER Working Paper 14652, 2009.

Einav, L. and J. Levin, “The Data Revolution and Economic Analysis”, NBER Working Paper 674019, 2014.

Fengler, W., “Don’t let perfect be the enemy of good: To leverage the data revolution we must accept imperfection”, Brookings, April 2016, http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/future-development/posts/2016/04/14-big-data-revolution-technologies-fengler.

Goodhart, C. and M. Pradhan, “Can Demographics Reverse Three Multi-Decade Trends?”, Morgan Stanley Research, October 2015, http://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/demographic-solution-to-inequality.

Hanushek, E., “Economic growth in developing countries: The role of human capital”, Economics of Education Review, vol. 37, 2013, pp. 204–212.

Hanushek, E., Woessmann, L. and L. Zhang, “General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Life-Cycle”, IZA DP No. 6083, 2011.

Hausmann, R., C. Hidalgo, et al., “The Atlas of Economic Complexity”, Centre for Economic Development at Harvard University, http://atlas.cid.harvard.edu.

Heckman, J., “Schools, Skills, and Synapses”, IZA DP No. 3515, 2008.

ILO, World Employment and Social Outlook 2015: The Changing Nature of Jobs, 2015.

Infosys, Amplifying human potential: Education and skills for the fourth industrial revolution, 2016.

Jeon, S., “Enhancing Employment for Women, Youth and Older Workers: Why Skills Strategies Matter”, in: Global Talent Competitiveness Index 2014, edited by B. Lanvin and P. Evans, 2014, http://global-indices.insead.edu/documents/INSEADGTCIreport2014.pdf.

JPMorgan Chase Institute, Paychecks, Paydays, and the Online Platform Economy: Big Data on Income Volatility, February 2016.

Katz, L. and A. Krueger, “The Rise and Nature of Alternative Work Arrangements in the United States, 1995-2015”, Working Paper, National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2016.

Lutz, W. et al.,“Validation of the Wittgenstein Centre Back-projections for Populations by Age, Sex, and Six Levels of Education from 2010 to 1970”, IIASA Interim Report IR-15-008, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, April 2015, http://www.iiasa.ac.at/publication/more_IR-15-008.php.

Manca, F., “Measuring skills shortages in real time”, OECD Skills and Work Blog, March 2016, https://oecdskillsandwork.wordpress.com/2016/03/16/measuring-skills-shortages-in-real-time/.

Mandel, M. and J. Scherer, “A Low-Cost and Flexible Approach for Tracking Jobs and Economic Activity Related to Innovative Technologies”, Nesta Working Paper No. 15/11, June 2015, www.nesta.org.uk/wp15-11.

Manyika, J., Lund, S., Robinson, K., Valentino, J. and R. Dobbs, “A Labour Market that Works: Connecting talent with opportunity in the digital age”, McKinsey Global Institute, June 2015.

OECD, Universal Basic Skills: What Countries Stand to Gain, 2015.

Quartz, “The Scariest Thing About the Gig Economy is How Little We Actually Know About It”, February 2016.

Reamer, A., “Using Real-Time Labor Market Information on A Nationwide Scale: Exploring the Research Tool’s Potential Value to Federal Agencies and National Trade Associations”, Credentials that Work Programme, Jobs for the Future, April 2013.

Reimsbach-Kounatze, C., “The Proliferation of “Big Data” and Implications for Official Statistics and Statistical Agencies: A Preliminary Analysis”, OECD Digital Economy Papers, No. 245, 2015.

Rissing, B., G. Gereffi, R. Ong and V. Wadhwa, “Where the Engineers Are”, Issues in Science and Technology, vol. 23, issue 3, 2005, http://issues.org/23-3/wadhwa.

Rizzo, M., Kilama, B. and M. Wuyts, “The Invisibility of Wage Employment in Statistics on the Informal Economy in Africa: Causes and Consequences”, The Journal of Development Studies, 51:2, pp. 149–161, 2015.

Ross, A., The Industries of the Future: How the Next 10 Years of Innovation Will Transform Our Lives at Work and Home, 2016.

Schwab, K., The Fourth Industrial Revolution, 2016.

SHRM Foundation, “Engaging and Integrating a Global Workforce”, Report prepared by The Economist Intelligence Unit, February 2015.

Spink, J., “Measuring learning: Why we need to work together”, EIU Perspectives, 5 November 2015, www.eiuperspectives.economist.com/talenteducation/measuringlearningwhyweneedworktogether.

Staats, S., “Five Questions for Ruth Levine on How to Close the Gender Data Gap”, Work in Progress: The Hewlett Foundation Blog, The William and Florea Hewlett Foundation, May 2016.

UNCTAD, “Global Assessment of Sex-Disaggregated ICT Employment Statistics: Data Availability and Challenges on Measurement and Compilation”, UNCTAD Technical Notes on ICT for Development, no. 4, 2016.

UNDP, Human Development Report 2015: Work for Human Development, 2015.

Upwork and Freelancers Union, Freelancing in America 2015, October 2015.

Varkey GEMS Foundation, Global Teacher Status Index, 2013.

Winthrop, R., “The global ‘100-year gap’ in education standards”, Brookings Center for Universal Education, April 29, 2015, http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/education-plus-development/posts/2015/04/29-global-100-year-gap-education-standards-winthrop.

Wright, J., “Making a Key Distinction: Real-Time LMI & Traditional Labor Market Data”, Emsi Blog, February 2012, http://www.economicmodeling.com/2012/02/07/making-a-key-distinction-real-time-lmi-traditional-labor-market-data.

World Bank, World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends, 2016.

World Economic Forum, The Human Capital Report 2015, 2015.
———, The Global Gender Gap Report 2015, 2015.
———, The Future of Jobs: Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, 2016.
———, New Vision for Education: Unlocking the Potential of Technology, 2015.
———, New Vision for Education: Fostering Social and Emotional Learning through Technology, 2016.

Back to Top
Subscribe for updates
A weekly update of what’s on the Global Agenda
Follow Us
About
Our Mission
Leadership and Governance
Our Members and Partners
The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Communities
History
Klaus Schwab
Our Impact
Media
Pictures
A Global Platform for Geostrategic Collaboration
Careers
Open Forum
Contact Us
Mapping Global Transformations
Code of Conduct
World Economic Forum LLC
Sustainability
World Economic Forum Privacy Policy
Media
News
Accreditation
Subscribe to our news
Members & Partners
Member login to TopLink
Strategic Partners' area
Partner Institutes' area
Global sites
Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Open Forum
Global Shapers
Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship
EN ES FR 日本語 中文
© 2019 World Economic Forum
Privacy Policy & Terms of Service